Aikenhead (2005, 2006) described how the early emphasis on values and social responsibility was systematized by utilizing a theoretical framework deriving from sociology of science: (a) the interactions of science and scientists with social aspects, issues, and institutions external to the community of scientists and (b) the social interactions of scientists within the scientific community. Interestingly, as consideration of the nature of science has become a much more prominent part of regular science curricula, even a central part in many educational jurisdictions, so emphasis in STSE education has shifted much more toward confrontation of socio-scientific issues (SSI). Zeidler, Sadler, Simmons, and Howes (2005) contrasted SSI-oriented teaching with STS or STSE education in terms of its emphasis on developing habits of mind (specifically, developing skepticism, maintaining open-mindedness, acquiring the capacity for critical thinking, recognizing that there are multiple forms of inquiry, accepting ambiguity, and searching for data-driven knowledge) and “empowering students to consider how science-based issues reflect, in part, moral principles and elements of virtue that encompass their own lives, as well as the physical and social world around them” (p. 357). They argued that though STS education emphasizes the impact of scientific and technological development on society, it does not focus explicitly on the moral–ethical issues embedded in decision making: