The effects of hardener type (ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate and aluminium sulphate), urea
usage (with urea and without urea), and conditioning period (one day and one month) of the particleboard
on the physical (thickness swelling), mechanical (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and
internal bond strength), surface properties, and formaldehyde emission of particleboard and acidity of
the wood particles were investigated. The hardener type was found to be effective all of the properties
of particleboard. The pH of the wood particle with the urea was slightly higher than that of particles without
urea.
The lowest pH value for the resinated wood particles was obtained from ammonium chloride, followed
by ammonium sulphate and aluminium sulphate, respectively. The best quality properties were obtained
from the particleboards manufactured with ammonium chloride, followed by particleboard made with
the ammonium sulphate and aluminium sulphate, respectively. The urea usage significantly decreased
the formaldehyde emission of the particleboards while it slightly decreased the mechanical properties
and increased thickness swelling. Increasing conditioning period of the particleboards from one day to
one month improved the quality properties.