For considering how to use E-Defense most effectively, there are many research subjects which NIED should make clear before the operation of the facility becomes possible. In order to contribute in improving the seismic performance and design of structures by utilizing E-Defense, NIED conducted a new research project, tilted as “No.2 significant improvement of seismic performance of structures” in a special project for earthquake disaster mitigation in urban areas. The project is sponsored by the ministry of education, culture, sports, science and technology in Japan (MEXT) and has been started from September 2002.