After the NOAEL/LOAEL has been identified from experimental
animal or epidemiological studies, AFs are applied for various
extrapolation steps to arrive at a sufficiently protective SEL:
– route-to route (e.g. inhalation to oral);
– interspecies (e.g. rats to humans);
– intraspecies (e.g. workers to the general population);
– exposure duration (e.g. 6–24 h/d; subchronic to chronic
exposure);
– dose–response relationship (e.g. NOAEL to LOAEL);
AFs are available from several authority/scientific organisations
and are considered in this assessment, including:
– EFSA (2012).
– ECHA (2012).
– ECETOC (2010).