2.1. To the habitat function
According to the researches [3], when the impervious surface coverage (i.e. the percentage or ratio of
cement surface or rigid surface in the entire land area) reaches to 10%, environmental degradation will
generally occur. Reclamation often leads to high ratio of impervious surface coverage (>10%).
Reclamation usually leads to the decline of biological diversity, the decrease of natural wetlands, and
the extinct of habitats for animals and plants. For migratory species, the living environment of marine
plants and marine animals has been seriously affected. Particularly in the tidal estuary, there is no tide in
existence, and from river estuaries to river ways, the grads from freshwater to seawater are no longer exist.
2.2. To the adjustment function
Reclamation of marine can lead to many negative effects, such as the decreased space tide, disappeared
beach, lost wave energy dissipation space, increased influx of disaster risks and filled up riverbed. And in
the meanwhile, flow outside the channel slows down, seawater purification declines, frequency and
intensity of alga bloom increase. Reclamation materials and pollutants generate during the reclamation
activities and they can pollute the marine environment. In addition, the beach and barrier disappear, the
impact of waves on coastal areas will be further increased, and the phenomenon of seawater intrusion will
be increased in sequence [4]. Reclamation of marine, causing shoreline change, has also affected the
deposition of modern sediments [5, 6].