However,the use of unobtrusive measures in field-based experiments can raise questions of experimental ethics: Is it proper of ethical,for example, to skulk around with a clipboard,collecting data on unsuspecting people? Although questions may be raised about the propriety of some field-based experiments and procedural avenues,it would be erroneous to conclude that such experiments are unethical.We do,however,strongly recommend that in the planning of all experiments,including field experiments,the experimenter consult the APA ethical standards reprinted in chapter 8.