4.1 Customs-related barriers
4.1.1 Time consuming documentation requirements. LSPs are required to submit the import/export documentation at the customs border of the respective country. The inefficiency in documentation arises due to the lack of full automation electronic data interchange (EDI), a large number of documents that are required to be completed, the lack of standard documentation format across countries, and the lack of transparent regulations. As such, documentation consumes a large dwell time.
Some of the documents required to be submitted at the customs office include the pack list, trade document, shipping document, regulation form and sometimes also the country of origin. Import shipments to Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand are typically divided into four categories, namely, documents (no value), low value-shipments, non-dutiable shipments above a certain country-specific value, and dutiable shipments. For the last two categories, customs usually require more information. For instance, in Singapore, documents (such as mail) can be processed quickly, but dutiable cigarettes are checked very carefully.
The customs authorities of some countries require a large number of documents which inadvertently increases inefficiency in the documentation process. For example, the customs authorities of Indonesia and Thailand require a number of different documents, albeit often repetitive, to be filled which increases inefficiency in the documentation process. In Indonesia, customs require import licences for any goods as well as the shipping list. If a company has licences, it can import at any time. Apart from an import licence, the other documentation needed is the shipping list (item list). In Thailand, the customs specifically require many details on their documents. Typically, it takes five to seven days to clear after the goods arrive at the port in Thailand. Similarly, for the cross border flow between Malaysia and Singapore, several layers of documentation are required. From Singapore to Malaysia, one needs to fill export documentation from Singapore and nearly a similar set of import documentation to enter Malaysia.
In Myanmar, it requires at least three weeks to obtain an export/import licence and other documentation for each shipment. In case a licence cannot be obtained, penalty is imposed. The procedure is time consuming and this is the greatest impediment to trade in Myanmar. Likewise, in Vietnam and Laos, customs clearance takes almost the same time. When the documents are in good order, customs clearance (import) can be less than three days. For transit goods, it takes three-five days. In Laos, one needs to obtain a number
4.1 Customs-related barriers4.1.1 Time consuming documentation requirements. LSPs are required to submit the import/export documentation at the customs border of the respective country. The inefficiency in documentation arises due to the lack of full automation electronic data interchange (EDI), a large number of documents that are required to be completed, the lack of standard documentation format across countries, and the lack of transparent regulations. As such, documentation consumes a large dwell time.Some of the documents required to be submitted at the customs office include the pack list, trade document, shipping document, regulation form and sometimes also the country of origin. Import shipments to Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand are typically divided into four categories, namely, documents (no value), low value-shipments, non-dutiable shipments above a certain country-specific value, and dutiable shipments. For the last two categories, customs usually require more information. For instance, in Singapore, documents (such as mail) can be processed quickly, but dutiable cigarettes are checked very carefully.The customs authorities of some countries require a large number of documents which inadvertently increases inefficiency in the documentation process. For example, the customs authorities of Indonesia and Thailand require a number of different documents, albeit often repetitive, to be filled which increases inefficiency in the documentation process. In Indonesia, customs require import licences for any goods as well as the shipping list. If a company has licences, it can import at any time. Apart from an import licence, the other documentation needed is the shipping list (item list). In Thailand, the customs specifically require many details on their documents. Typically, it takes five to seven days to clear after the goods arrive at the port in Thailand. Similarly, for the cross border flow between Malaysia and Singapore, several layers of documentation are required. From Singapore to Malaysia, one needs to fill export documentation from Singapore and nearly a similar set of import documentation to enter Malaysia.In Myanmar, it requires at least three weeks to obtain an export/import licence and other documentation for each shipment. In case a licence cannot be obtained, penalty is imposed. The procedure is time consuming and this is the greatest impediment to trade in Myanmar. Likewise, in Vietnam and Laos, customs clearance takes almost the same time. When the documents are in good order, customs clearance (import) can be less than three days. For transit goods, it takes three-five days. In Laos, one needs to obtain a number
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