When societal complexity would compel one to adopt this curiously science-fiction language of the observation of the observed in the place of the language of democratic citizenship and participation, then indeed complexity and democracy are not compatible. However, I not only have doubts whether this social framework is appropriate for thinking of the complexity of modern societies, empirically as well, the presentation of the political system as a self-immunized closed circuit, in which the government and the government and the opposition merely observe each other in reflector mirrors, is simply untrue. Beginning with the 1970s and well into the 1980s, all over the United States and Europe, one had observed the rise and decline of new social movements, great citizens’ coalitions, like the Freeze and antinuclear movements, as well as radical changes of course from welfarist economic to free market ideologies and possibly a swing back to welfarism in the 1990s