Experiments were carried out with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Brilliant, Quantel, France) at 1064 nm, generating 5 ns pulses up to (365 ± 3) mJ, in a 6 mm diameter beam with quality factor M2 lower than 2, at 10Hz repetition rate.
The laser pulsewas focused on the pellet surface by a convergent lens with 2.54 cm diameter and 20 cm focal length (Newport, USA) positioned 50 cm far from the laser head.
Individual test samples (i.e. 15 mm diameter pellet) were placed into a plastic sample holder in a two axis manually controlled translation stage that moved in the plane orthogonal to the laser direction, as described elsewhere [24].
Argon flowing at 5.0 L min−1 was continuously fed into the ablation atmosphere.
The plasma emission was collected by a telescope composed by 50 mm and 80 mm focal length fused silica lenses (LLA Instruments GmbH, Germany) and focused into an optical fiber (1.5 m, 600 μm core) coupled to the entrance slit of a model ESA 3000 spectrometer (LLA Instruments GmbH, Germany) equipped with Echelle optics and an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD)
Experiments were carried out with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (Brilliant, Quantel, France) at 1064 nm, generating 5 ns pulses up to (365 ± 3) mJ, in a 6 mm diameter beam with quality factor M2 lower than 2, at 10Hz repetition rate.
The laser pulsewas focused on the pellet surface by a convergent lens with 2.54 cm diameter and 20 cm focal length (Newport, USA) positioned 50 cm far from the laser head.
Individual test samples (i.e. 15 mm diameter pellet) were placed into a plastic sample holder in a two axis manually controlled translation stage that moved in the plane orthogonal to the laser direction, as described elsewhere [24].
Argon flowing at 5.0 L min−1 was continuously fed into the ablation atmosphere.
The plasma emission was collected by a telescope composed by 50 mm and 80 mm focal length fused silica lenses (LLA Instruments GmbH, Germany) and focused into an optical fiber (1.5 m, 600 μm core) coupled to the entrance slit of a model ESA 3000 spectrometer (LLA Instruments GmbH, Germany) equipped with Echelle optics and an intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD)
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