(Fleischmann, 2010). The various QoS properties such as availability, accessibility, performance, reliability, and
security should be addressed in the creation of SLAs.
The library management identify IT services and service requirements and define, build and negotiate Service
Level Agreements (SLAs)
• KPI1: Percentage increase in customer perception and satisfaction of SLAs achievements, via service reviews
and customer satisfaction survey responses
• KPI2: The system (i.e., hardware, software, and network) must be functioning and available 99% of the time
during business hours.
• KPI3: Customer support for service maintenance requests must not exceed 12hours at most.
KPI1 is for the sole purpose of use by the library. KPI2 dictates system availability guarantees over a period of
time. KPI3 includes the typical help desk problem reporting and problem resolution guarantees based on severity
level. Severity level and response and resolution times are assigned according to their impact on customers. The
acceptable response time and resolution time are negotiated between the IT Service Provider and the Customer.
For the second and third KPIs, the library management will negotiate and develop an SLAs with the service
provider. The developed SLAs will specify that if the system fails to meet the negotiated 99% uptime, the library is
entitled to reduce its bill by an agreed-on percentage. For instance, if the system is unavailable for an hour, the
library is entitled to a 10% rebate of its monthly service fees; in the case of a service outage for two hours, the
library is entitled to a 20% rebate of its monthly service fees” and so on. The SLAs also describes the procedures
for reporting any problems with the service to the service provider; notifying library management about all
scheduled maintenance as well as generating SLAs reports and on-exception reports. It will also include scope for
renegotiation and meeting response and resolution times associated with service related incidents. For example, for
KPI3, average speed of answer (e.g., 15 seconds), target service level of 95^ calls answered in 15 seconds, and
average talk time of less than 3.5 minutes per call can be stated.
The library management will collect satisfaction data through its own instrumentation to measure the level of
KPI1 achievement. This is essential for the library to see if the digital service provided capacity is below or above
that needed to meet the clients’ needs and adjust the service accordingly. This will require renegotiation of the
SLAs.