4. Conclusion
In conclusion, the present work, although limited to case studies for a few potato varieties and to the crops from the year 2012 (some data also from the years 2011 and 2013 were collected and commented), seems to be of importance for characterizing the nutritional properties of potatoes cultivated in TVA area. As regards the metal nutrient content, we recall that: (1) the low content of Na is important for planning diets for subjects affected by arterial hypertension, because potatoes from TVA had a content of Na even lower than values reported from control and literature (Reilly, 2004 and USDA, 2014); (2) the relatively high content of Zn suggests these potatoes as a mild source of this metal, i.e. for preventing or as a remedy against Zn deficiency; (3) the relatively high content of Cu suggests that certain tubers produced from TVA can help in diets requiring superoxide dismutase type antioxidants (even though the availability of metals from vegetables is lower than that from other foods like beef meat and fish, Gibson and Hotz, 2001); (4) the analytical data for vitamin C show high content of that antioxidant in potato varieties harvested from TVA and suggest these tubers as a source for that nutrient, which is one of the reason why we analyzed vitamin C in a way to combine a more complete framework for antioxidant principles (minerals: mostly Fe, Cu, and Zn; and vitamin C); (5) the large quantity of rain recorded in the year 2013 (especially in May-June-mid July and second half August, ∼60 mm water/week (Consorzio LaMMA, 2013) might be related to a generalized lowering of the metal contents in the pulp samples.
We stress that the results from this work must be considered as preliminary only, and need to be continued especially as regards the collection of samples over a number of years to monitor the influence of climate and weather conditions, the effects of irrigation and fertilization strategies on the nutrient contents. Another important task is the performance of a detailed and frequent time table for sample collections, especially in the period of time from beginning of June throughout the end of August in order to monitor the optimal conditions for getting the best results in term of the highest content of nutrients. We note that in the present work such an investigation was in part performed as regards the SIF variety and metal nutritionals (see Fig. 3 and Table S3). The data suggest that the content for most of the analyzed elements decreases from June (SIFjn) up to harvest (SIF12), excluding Ca (which increases) and Zn (which remains almost unaltered). Similar analyses should be repeated for other varieties, other nutrients and different years. We also point out that a larger number of samples should be collected and analyzed to make better statistical analysis possible.
The innovation of the work consists in having found a suitable territory for the cultivation of potato varieties with specific characteristics, such as a relatively high level of selected nutrients such as K, Cu, Zn and vitamin C.
Finally it should be said that until very recently the same fields used in this study were intensively cultivated to grow tobacco, and the conversion to horticulture for important products for human nutrition, instead of continuing on products that might damage human health, has been much welcomed by both the local population and the regional agricultural authorities.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of former President Dr Luciano Rossi of the Società Agricola Valtiberina (SAV), and its associated farms for the tuber samples and information on cultivation methodologies, in particular that given by Signor Alessandro Marinelli.
4. สรุปIn conclusion, the present work, although limited to case studies for a few potato varieties and to the crops from the year 2012 (some data also from the years 2011 and 2013 were collected and commented), seems to be of importance for characterizing the nutritional properties of potatoes cultivated in TVA area. As regards the metal nutrient content, we recall that: (1) the low content of Na is important for planning diets for subjects affected by arterial hypertension, because potatoes from TVA had a content of Na even lower than values reported from control and literature (Reilly, 2004 and USDA, 2014); (2) the relatively high content of Zn suggests these potatoes as a mild source of this metal, i.e. for preventing or as a remedy against Zn deficiency; (3) the relatively high content of Cu suggests that certain tubers produced from TVA can help in diets requiring superoxide dismutase type antioxidants (even though the availability of metals from vegetables is lower than that from other foods like beef meat and fish, Gibson and Hotz, 2001); (4) the analytical data for vitamin C show high content of that antioxidant in potato varieties harvested from TVA and suggest these tubers as a source for that nutrient, which is one of the reason why we analyzed vitamin C in a way to combine a more complete framework for antioxidant principles (minerals: mostly Fe, Cu, and Zn; and vitamin C); (5) the large quantity of rain recorded in the year 2013 (especially in May-June-mid July and second half August, ∼60 mm water/week (Consorzio LaMMA, 2013) might be related to a generalized lowering of the metal contents in the pulp samples.เราเครียดว่า ผลได้จากงานนี้ต้องพิจารณาเป็นเบื้องต้นเท่านั้น และต้องดำเนินต่อไปโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งที่เกี่ยวกับคอลเลกชันของตัวอย่างที่ผ่านมาเพื่อตรวจสอบอิทธิพลของสภาพภูมิอากาศและสภาพอากาศ ผลกระทบของกลยุทธ์การชลประทานและปฏิสนธิในเนื้อหาสารอาหาร สำคัญคือ ประสิทธิภาพของตารางเวลาโดยละเอียด และบ่อยสำหรับตัวอย่างคอลเลกชัน โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในรอบระยะเวลาจากต้นเดือนมิถุนายนทั้งสิ้นสิงหาคมเพื่อตรวจสอบเงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสมสำหรับการเดินทางดีสุดในระยะสูงสุดของสารอาหาร เราทราบว่า ในการทำงานปัจจุบัน เช่นในส่วนดำเนินการทุ SIF หลากหลายและโลหะโภชนาการ (ดูรูป 3 และตาราง S3) ข้อมูลแนะนำเนื้อหาของขององค์ประกอบวิเคราะห์ลดจากมิถุนายน (SIFjn) จนถึงเก็บเกี่ยว (SIF12), ยกเว้น Ca (ซึ่งเพิ่ม) และ Zn (ซึ่งยังคงเกี่ยวข้องเกือบได้) วิเคราะห์คล้ายกันควรถูกทำซ้ำสำหรับพันธุ์อื่น ๆ สารอาหารอื่น ๆ และปีต่าง ๆ เรายังชี้ให้เห็นว่า จำนวนตัวอย่างควรเก็บรวบรวม และวิเคราะห์เพื่อทำการวิเคราะห์ทางสถิติได้ดีขึ้นนวัตกรรมของการทำงานประกอบด้วยในการพบดินแดนเหมาะสมสำหรับการเพาะปลูกมันฝรั่งพันธุ์มีลักษณะที่เฉพาะเจาะจง เช่นระดับของสารอาหารที่เลือกเช่น K, Cu, Zn และวิตามินซีค่อนข้างสูงFinally it should be said that until very recently the same fields used in this study were intensively cultivated to grow tobacco, and the conversion to horticulture for important products for human nutrition, instead of continuing on products that might damage human health, has been much welcomed by both the local population and the regional agricultural authorities.AcknowledgementsThe authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of former President Dr Luciano Rossi of the Società Agricola Valtiberina (SAV), and its associated farms for the tuber samples and information on cultivation methodologies, in particular that given by Signor Alessandro Marinelli.
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