55% of shoots formed roots on ½ MS medium with
1 μM NAA. Dhar and Upreti (1999) used nodes of
mature lianas as explants. They were initially incubated
in the dark at 4 °C for 48 h then plated on MS
basal medium containing 100 mg·dm-3 AS and
2.5 μM Kin to induce and proliferate shoots, forming
a maximum of 4.5 shoots per explant at
40 μmol·m
-2
·s
-1
PPFD and under a 16-h photoperiod.
Browning could be reduced by soaking sterilized
explants in a solution of 50 mg·dm-3
ascorbic
acid and 75 mg·dm-3
citric acid. In vitro-derived
rootless plantlets formed roots in ½ MS liquid
medium with NAA and IBA (10 μM of either) in
which 55.5% of plantlets rooted. Bhatt and Dhar
(2000) induced 12.6 shoots per cotyledonary node
in the first culture, dropping slightly to 12.0 by the
fourth subculture. Shoot formation was possible on
MS basal medium containing 3% (w/v) sucrose,
1 μM TDZ and 1 μM Kin (with or without 1 μM
GA3). 83% of plantlets could form roots on the
same basal medium containing 1 μM NAA. Both
roots and shoots were formed under 40 μmol·m
-2
·s
-1
PPFD and a 16-h photoperiod.