2.3. Determination of biodiesel properties
Acid value (AV) was determined according to American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) Official Method Cd 3d-63. Density was measured as per ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) D4052 using hydrometers. Kinematic viscosity was determined as per ASTM D445 method. Flash point was determined using Koehler Inc., apparatus as per ASTM D93 method. Copper strip corrosion was done using Koehler Inc., apparatus as per ASTM D130 method. The ester content was determined by Agilent 6850 gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector, according to EN (European) 14103 methods.