than wildlife openings. Several other species differed in abundance
between wildlife and silvicultural openings, yet the statistical
comparison was only significant in one of 2 years: Yellow Warblers
and Northern Cardinals were more abundant in wildlife openings,
and Prairie Warblers and Mourning Warblers were more abundant
in silvicultural openings. The results of the MANOVA indicated that
wildlife and silvicultural openings differed in scrub-shrub bird
communities for both 2004 and 2005 (Wilk’s Lambda P < 0.001).