Giant spoil dumps originate in the course of open-cast mining. The initial properties of Triassic spoil as well as
Received 21 September 2012 pedogenesis are characterized by weathering processes. Due to the poor conditions in dump spoil a natural
Accepted 19 May 2013 succession of plants or a re-vegetation is a lengthy process. The Chinh Bac field experiment (Ha Long City,
Available online 30 May 2013
Quang Ninh province, Vietnam) was planned to investigate the possible impacts of three amendments –
charred rice straw, power station ashes and fine material originating from the mining area in combination
Keywords:
with sieved spoil of substrate quality – to enhance plant growth. The main focus of this study was directed
Dump restoration
Charred rice straw (biochar) towards the impact of added amendments on spoil chemical parameters. The investigations demonstrated
Power station ash that simply sieving the spoil leads to better substrate conditions. It increases the fine material which in
Lignite turn leads to easier plantation conditions. At the same time oxidative processes and leaching acid products
are stimulated which raises the pH values afterwards. The application of charred rice straw increased the
amount of alkaline cations, in particular potassium, boosting the pH value. This led to an enhanced supply
of nutrients for the plants in comparison to the other amendment variations which were very poor in nutrient
availability. Adding power station ash resulted in a short-term pH value increase, however potential pollution
caused by heavy metals cannot be ruled out. The pyrite containing fine material was identified as the poorest
amendment. It may allow vegetation to grow quickly, however the proceeding weathering processes cause a
strong acidification. This mobilizes heavy metal and aluminum ions which prevent healthy plant growth.
Giant spoil dumps originate in the course of open-cast mining. The initial properties of Triassic spoil as well as
Received 21 September 2012 pedogenesis are characterized by weathering processes. Due to the poor conditions in dump spoil a natural
Accepted 19 May 2013 succession of plants or a re-vegetation is a lengthy process. The Chinh Bac field experiment (Ha Long City,
Available online 30 May 2013
Quang Ninh province, Vietnam) was planned to investigate the possible impacts of three amendments –
charred rice straw, power station ashes and fine material originating from the mining area in combination
Keywords:
with sieved spoil of substrate quality – to enhance plant growth. The main focus of this study was directed
Dump restoration
Charred rice straw (biochar) towards the impact of added amendments on spoil chemical parameters. The investigations demonstrated
Power station ash that simply sieving the spoil leads to better substrate conditions. It increases the fine material which in
Lignite turn leads to easier plantation conditions. At the same time oxidative processes and leaching acid products
are stimulated which raises the pH values afterwards. The application of charred rice straw increased the
amount of alkaline cations, in particular potassium, boosting the pH value. This led to an enhanced supply
of nutrients for the plants in comparison to the other amendment variations which were very poor in nutrient
availability. Adding power station ash resulted in a short-term pH value increase, however potential pollution
caused by heavy metals cannot be ruled out. The pyrite containing fine material was identified as the poorest
amendment. It may allow vegetation to grow quickly, however the proceeding weathering processes cause a
strong acidification. This mobilizes heavy metal and aluminum ions which prevent healthy plant growth.
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