McKinnon (2007) argues that research shows a decline in empty back-haul mainly as a result of lengthening of freight journeys, growth of reverse logistics, increase in number of load matching agencies and Internet freight exchanges
and various corporate initiatives to counter the back-haul effect. Vierth and Mellin (2008) exemplify this with the Swedish supermarket chain ICA, which has decreased the number of empty backloads by vertically integrating transport with an increase in consolidation in ICA’s warehouses and collecting inbound supplies with returning delivery vehicles. On the other hand, when ICA takes control of its flow of soft drinks, the efficiency for Coca Cola might go down. Nevertheless, some measures to eliminate the back-haul effect which would potentially benefit all actors might lower the frequency and increase the lead time for shippers.
McKinnon (2007) argues that research shows a decline in empty back-haul mainly as a result of lengthening of freight journeys, growth of reverse logistics, increase in number of load matching agencies and Internet freight exchangesand various corporate initiatives to counter the back-haul effect. Vierth and Mellin (2008) exemplify this with the Swedish supermarket chain ICA, which has decreased the number of empty backloads by vertically integrating transport with an increase in consolidation in ICA’s warehouses and collecting inbound supplies with returning delivery vehicles. On the other hand, when ICA takes control of its flow of soft drinks, the efficiency for Coca Cola might go down. Nevertheless, some measures to eliminate the back-haul effect which would potentially benefit all actors might lower the frequency and increase the lead time for shippers.
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