A generalized extraction process that uses a conical vial.The first solvent contains a mixture of black and white molecules.A second solvent that is not miscible with the first is added.After the vial is capped and shaken,the layers separate.In this example,the second solvent is less dense,so it becomes the top layers.Because od differences in physical properties,the white molecules are more soluble in the second solvent,while the black molecules are more soluble in first solvent.Most of the white molecules are in the upper layer,but there are some black molecules there,too.Likewise,most of the black molecules are in the lower layer.However,there are a few white molucules in this lower phase.A Pasteur pipet may be used to remove the lower layer.In this way,a partical separation of black and white molucules has been achieved.In this example,notice that it was not possible to effect a complete separation with one extrantion.This is a common occurrence in organic chemiatry.Many organic substances are soluble in both water and organic sovlents.