the best of our knowledge, the formation of permanent structure of
the gluten network and starch in the final products made from
frozen dough has never been investigated. During heating of dough,
the polymerization of both glutenin and gliadin involves the formation
of disulfide (SS) bonds through oxidation of sulfhydryl (SH)
groups and was also accompanied by starch gelatinization. The
formation of a permanent gluten structure as well as the starch
properties is important in establishing the structure and quality of
the final products (Delcour et al., 2012).
Against this background, the objective of this study was to
investigate the structural behavior of gluten and starch during the
steaming process of frozen dough to fill the knowledge gap between
dough deterioration and its final structure of steamed bread.
Moreover, the firmness of steamed bread related to the final
structure of gluten, starch and water content were also established
to elucidate the relative importance of these properties to the bread
texture