The greatest overrun was observed for the sample IC4-TG, followed by IC6-TG and IC8-TG. The addition of TG increased the overrun of the ice cream samples compared to the controls (without TG). According to , TG polymerizes the caseins through covalent and intermolecular bonds, making them capable of stabilizing emulsions and foams. Thus, the formation of casein polymers involving air bubbles was probably responsible for the increased volume and air bubble stabilization in the samples. Besides the action of the TG, the reduction in fat was also favorable for the incorporation of air (IC4-TG). A significant increase (P < 0.05) in overrun was observed with decreased fat concentration. This inverse relationship between fat content and overrun was also observed by Adapa et al. (2000) . According to Stanley