There are a number of nonmedical remedies that have been used over the ages to treat lice infestations. Although there is little evidence that these are effective, many pediatricians recognize that there is no harm in trying them out. These include using barrier remedies, such as oil or mayonnaise, and vinegar. The mainstay of treatment remains those permethrin- or pyrethrin-based medical therapies such as Nix or Rid. Always discuss treatment options with a health-care professional.