At the national level, transformation is
considered most effective when it reflects a country’s own visions and approaches to achieving sustainable
development in accordance with its national circumstances and priorities. Restricting adaptation responses to
incremental changes to existing systems and structures, without considering transformational change, may
increase costs and losses, and miss opportunities. Planning and implementation of transformational
adaptation could reflect strengthened, altered or aligned paradigms and may place new and increased
demands on governance structures to reconcile different goals and visions for the future and to address
possible equity and ethical implications.