2.2. Preparation of activated carbon
Dried grape stalks were impregnated with different weight ratios
of ZnCl2/grape stalk. The impregnation was performed by shaking at
150 rev/min by using an orbital flask shaker (Gallenkamp) for contact
times of 24, 36 and 48 h. The impregnated materials were filtered and
dried at 105 °C for 24 h and then activated. The activation experiments
were carried out in a cylindrical stainless steel reactorwith 15 cmheight
and 6 cm in diameter. In a typical run, 40 g of the dry sample impregnated
with ZnCl2 was placed into the reactor and CO2 was passed through
at a flow rate of 0.1 dm3/min; the system was heated at a rate of
20 °C min−1 in a muffle furnace. In the experiments devoted to the
study of temperature, the sample was heated to 500, 600 and 700 °C
andmaintained in each case at that temperature for 120min. The influence
of carbonization time was explored using 30, 60, 90 and 120 min
times at the best temperature selected in the previous series of experiments.
After the activation, the sample was allowed to cool down
under CO2 flow prior to remove it from the furnace. The activated sampleswerewashedwith
3MHCl solution to remove the zinc compounds.
Then, theywerewashed several timeswith hot and finally cold distilled
water until the pHof thewashwaterwas neutral. Thewet sampleswere
dried at 105 °C for 24 h. After these procedures applied, the production
yield of activated carbon was calculated by dividing the mass of the resultant
activated carbon by the initial mass of grape stalk used for
activation.
2.2. Preparation of activated carbonDried grape stalks were impregnated with different weight ratiosof ZnCl2/grape stalk. The impregnation was performed by shaking at150 rev/min by using an orbital flask shaker (Gallenkamp) for contacttimes of 24, 36 and 48 h. The impregnated materials were filtered anddried at 105 °C for 24 h and then activated. The activation experimentswere carried out in a cylindrical stainless steel reactorwith 15 cmheightand 6 cm in diameter. In a typical run, 40 g of the dry sample impregnatedwith ZnCl2 was placed into the reactor and CO2 was passed throughat a flow rate of 0.1 dm3/min; the system was heated at a rate of20 °C min−1 in a muffle furnace. In the experiments devoted to thestudy of temperature, the sample was heated to 500, 600 and 700 °Candmaintained in each case at that temperature for 120min. The influenceof carbonization time was explored using 30, 60, 90 and 120 mintimes at the best temperature selected in the previous series of experiments.After the activation, the sample was allowed to cool downunder CO2 flow prior to remove it from the furnace. The activated sampleswerewashedwith3MHCl solution to remove the zinc compounds.Then, theywerewashed several timeswith hot and finally cold distilledwater until the pHof thewashwaterwas neutral. Thewet samplesweredried at 105 °C for 24 h. After these procedures applied, the productionyield of activated carbon was calculated by dividing the mass of the resultantactivated carbon by the initial mass of grape stalk used foractivation.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
