Rarefaction of raw material and growing awareness of the
need to preserve environment, leads to a new vision of waste.
Nowadays, waste turns to be considered as a new resource for
material or energetic use. Solid Waste Management (SWM) is
a challenge for stakeholders of this field since they have to
implement sustainable solutions.
The conventional waste management hierarchy defines
certain waste management processes such as re-use, recycling
and re-manufacture as preferable to others such as incineration
or energy recovery, and thus defines a hierarchical approach to
waste management system design [1].This approach has been
largely criticised in favour of an integrated approach [2], [3]
which considers the entirety of the waste to be treated and
looks to find an overall optimum solution to its management
using all available technologies.
ISWM seeks to optimize the material and energy recovery
of the entire waste flow. Previous studies suggest [4] that a
purely theoretical approach to integrated waste management
system design is ineffective largely due to the unique variables
of each case. Moreover, Integrated Solid Waste Management
is a management method integrating the different aspects of
Sustainable Development guideline (environmental, economic
and social). Its benefits are the preservation of raw materials
and sources of energy, providing a second life to waste, and
the reduction of air pollution because of waste transportation,
thanks to the local implantation of treatment plants. Therefore,
ISWM integrates Circular Economy framework in a
favourable economic and political context of material
recovery and alternative energetic resources usage.