In addition, in both the professional and research literature, this cost is not taken into
consideration for designing cost-effective models of warehouse facilities, and very few
theoretical frameworks are available for taking this into account. With specific
application to the scope of this paper, Ling et al. (2008) examined the FM needs that must
be designed into warehouse projects: they identified some tenants’ FM requirements of
warehouses and investigated the relationship between tenant satisfaction and
performance of different facilities to recommend design and FM practices that
warehouse owners should adopt to give tenants value for money. However, the work
considers warehouse qualitative provisions and does not include an analysis of strategic
characteristics of warehouses to meet business performance