Cook (1969) described the use of an all-organic system involving a plastic bilayer separated by a solution of common antioxidants in a minimum quantity of a high-boiling organic solvent. Antioxidants are normally designed to trap free radicals originating from the first step of autoxidation, so the claimed reduction in oxygen permeability is a surprising discovery. This system was designed to reduce the oxygen permeability of the bilayer primarily for meat packaging, with one example being a sandwich between two layers of PVDC.