Utilization of rice straw for energy use in grain drying has attracted considerable interest in many rice producing countries. However, performance of rice straw as fuel in grain drying is uncertain without information on the fundamental properties of the raw material. Rice straw has low quality feedstock primarily determined by a high ash content (10- 17%) as compared to wheat straw (around 3%) and high silica content in ash in rice (SO2 is 75%) and in wheat 55%. On the contrary rice straw feedstock has relatively low total alkali content (Na2O and K2O comprise < 15% of total ash) whereas wheat straws have < 25 alkali content in ash. Based on its slagging index, Rs 0.04, fouling index, RF 0.24. Rice straw is not expected to have significant operating problems or different emission compared with wheat straw and Rice husk under similar operating condition. The purpose of this paper is to reveal some of those properties from literature and how they could be improved by pretreatment technologies. The two fundamental properties analyzed in this paper are calorific (heating) and density values, the pretreatment Technologies are sizing and compression. The literature reveals that both physical and chemical properties of rice straw are improved significantly by the pretreatment technologies.