Discusses problems encountered in training Chinese parents to treat their own children by behavioral methods. Problems associated with SES, traditional patterns of family structure and interaction, the accustomed mode of childrearing practices, the ingrained outlook on childhood problems, and a dependent attitude toward doctors are dicussed, along with the cultural and attitudinal backgrounds of Chinese parents in Hong Kong. Chinese parents often fail to recognize the sickness of their children as psychological disturbance, find it difficult to play with or praise their children, and tend to regard problem children as marginal members of the family. Salient sociocultural factors contributing to the difficulties are highlighted, and the ethnocentric bias involved in importing treatment modalities from one culture to another is discussed.