The in vivo and post mortem performance and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrationin kids born from goats fed conventional (group C) or genetically modified (group T) soy-bean meal were evaluated. The goat colostrum quality, in terms of chemical composition, aswell as immunoglobulin concentration, and the presence of feed DNA fragments were alsoinvestigated. Kid birth weights were similar, while significantly (P < 0.05) higher in thoseborn from goats in group C at day 30 and at slaughtering. In addition, kids from mothers fedconventional soybean recorded significant (P < 0.05) higher height at the withers and chestwidth. Concerning the post mortem measurements, only carcass weights were significantlyaffected by the treatment resulting in lighter T kids (P < 0.05). Colostrum from the treatedgroups recorded a significantly (P < 0.01) lower percentage of protein and fat. Similarly, bothchemical parameters significantly differed in milk collected 15 days after kidding, althoughthese differences disappeared in the successive samplings. Both colostrum and kids serumIgG concentration were significantly (P < 0.01) lower in the treated groups. Transgenic tar-get DNA sequences (35S and CP4 EPSPS) were not detected in colostrum from goats thatreceived a diet containing conventional soybean meal. By contrast, transgenic DNA frag-ments were amplified (P < 0.05) in samples from goats that received the transgenic soybean.