Several of these aspects are considered not only for the case of Austria, but also specifically for the region of Upper Austria. There are two reasons for this: first, many energy and environment related tasks fall into the responsibility of the regions (‘‘Bun- desl¨ander’’), especially where the building and the heating sectors are concerned. And second, the region of Upper Austria has an impressive record with regard to RES in the heating sector as well as very ambitious targets.