Culture is described to have influence on children's
responses to pain, because they are learned from parents
and other people within the family and a culture (Beyer &
Knott, 1998). Thus, parental beliefs, standards and normsinfluence a child's expressions of pain and selection of
coping strategies (Beyer & Knott, 1998). As defined by
Leininger (1991), culture is the learned, shared and
transmitted values, beliefs, norms and lifeways of a group
that guides their thinking, decisions and actions.
Leininger's Cultural Care Theory includes cultural factors
that might have influence on children's pain. This theory
was chosen as a framework for this literature analysis
because it provides elements that can be analysed to
identify specific factors that could have influence on
children's pain. The theory includes technological,
religious and philosophical, kinship and social, cultural
values and lifeways, political and legal, economic,
educational factors.