We recorded these behaviors over two time scales: experiment-wide scale to assess medium-term responses to radar and 1-minute scale to assess more immediate responses to radar. The experiment-wide scale considered all phases of the trial (2 or 3 min before radar exposure, 5 min during radar exposure, and 5 min after radar exposure). At the 1-minute time scale, we considered the bird responses at radar onset and offset. Radar onset was one minute before and one minute after the radar was turned on. Radar offset was one minute before and one minute after the radar was turned off.