al., 1995). We also discuss some of the consequences
of human impacts on fish populations,
such as overfishing in relation to ecosystem resilience.
We define resilience here as the amount
of change or disruption that is required to transform
a system from being maintained by one set
of mutually reinforcing processes to a different set
of processes (Holling, 1973). Identifying ecosystem
services that various fish populations are part
of, or generate for human societies, is one step
toward holistic, ecosystem-based, resource management
with increased understanding of effects
on the dynamic, often unpredictable ecosystems
by fisheries.