Before each test, the readiness of the mosquitoes to bite was
confirmed by having subjects insert their untreated forearm into
the test cage. Once subjects observed five mosquito landings on
the untreated arm, they removed their arm from the cage and applied
the repellent being tested from the elbow to the fingertips,
following the instructions on the product’s label. After the application
of the repellent, subjects were instructed not to rub, touch,
or wet the treated arm. Repellent-impregnated wristbands were
worn on the wrist of the arm being inserted into the cage. Subjects
were provided with a standardized log sheet to ensure accurate
documentation of the duration of exposure and the time of
the first bite. The elapsed time to the first bite was then calculated
and recorded as the “complete-protection time” for that subject
in that particular test.