Flash profiling raw data (intensities of each attribute scored by the respective assessor) were analysed using generalized procrustes analysis (GPA; Senstools.Net, OP & P Product Research BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands). The final data consisted of the duplicate ratings for 10 different muffins by 12 panelists, each of them with his/her individual number of scales. Data were taken from the marks on the score sheets (scale range: 0e100). Subsequent to deriving a consensus matrix from individual data,