Presently, I am studying in the first year of doctoral degree in Material Science in the faculty of Science at Chulalongkorn University. For a study plan in the first semester is take compulsory courses and investigate an interesting research topic including find related information. The research project to do in doctor degree there is about agricultural wastes utilization because Thailand is an agricultural country. In which is one of the world's food supply and in a year we can produce and export agricultural products such as rice, corn, sugarcane as many as the top of the world. After usage and consumed there are a lot of agricultural wastes, for examples, rice straws and corncobs thus they leading to start to bring the benefits of them. The main compositions of agricultural wastes of dry matter are 40% Cellulose and 30% Hemicellulose. Hemicellulose is antibacterial, good solubility and more reactive than cellulose however some properties are also improved and in consequence, it is interesting to improve their properties by modify structure with fatty acid or critic acid to increase polar functional groups and make it into aerogel from which is indicated that the material is a possible candidate for future application as gas absorb and metal absorb.