Research has also indicated that reading and writing share the parallel composing
process. Tierney and Pearson (1983) developed "a composing model" of reading that
explains how reading and writing share similar process of meaning construction.
According to Tierney and Pearson, reading and writing share the similar
characteristics as follows: planning (goal-setting to approach a text), aligning
(decision making for how), drafting (meaning refining), monitoring (evaluating), and
revising (reflecting). Those aspects are continuous and recursive during the reading
and writing processes.