Surviving populations of E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes were determined by spiral-plating on Sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC), XLT4 agar, and modified Oxford (MOX) agar, respectively. The HDP treatment significantly reduced E. coli O157:H7 (0.75 log CFU.g−1), S. Typhimurium (1.09 log CFU.g−1), and L. monocytogenes (0.55 log CFU.g−1) from beef surfaces. HDP-induced injury as determined by plating on non-selective media revealed that ca. 0.5 log CFU.g−1 of E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium cells were injured. Most cell injury occurred at the cell membrane level as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).