There is no culture in which these emotions are absent. Moreover, they are not learned, they are hardwired into the human brain. We know that children too experience these emotions and they are able to communicate with one another though they do not know each other's language. This common emotional heritage binds humanity together in a way that transcends cultural difference. So, communication is possible without words too.
Plutchik (2002) described three levels of emotion according to the intensity, degree of similarity, and mixtures of primary emotions. For example in grief-sadness-pensiveness, grief is most intense and pensiveness the least intense. In rage-anger -annoyance, rage is most intense and annoyance the least intense. Similarly in terror-fear-apprehension too. Thus emotions can be grouped in many patterns depending on the nature, intensity, functions, complexity and so on.