Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax account for the vast majority (.90%) of human malarial infections worldwide, in addition Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae
and the recently included Plasmodium knowlesi4 are also implicated.It can be transmitted from one human to another by infected female anopheline mosquitoes during a blood meal and simultaneous injection with sporozoites, the infective stage for the parasite. The uniqueness of malaria as a disease is derived from the complexity of its life cycle, involving humans
and mosquitoes, and the structural and genetic changes between hepatocytes, red blood cells, and stages within the mosquitoes.5,6 The duration of the Plasmodium developmental stage in the mosquito can vary substantially, depending on the parasite species and environmental conditions.