and annual goals), onsite observation, and company’s web site. The key interviewees
consisted of four senior members responsible for incorporating western OD into the
change processes: the General Manager (GM), an executive coach (EC), the HR Director,
and the Finance Director. The structure of each individual face-to-face interview
followed the chronological history of the western OD applications during the
change period. Then the interviewees provided an evaluation on the change outcomes
in terms of organizational impact and employee satisfaction. Each interview lasted
approximately 90 minutes and was tape recorded with the interviewers’ prior consent.
Follow-up telephone interviews were done with these four key change agents to gather
further and supplementary information. Informal conversations were also made with
12 lower-level managers and frontline supervisors who provided additional insights into
the change processes and outcomes.