For complex problems, the first these two approaches is of course impossible.Although such an approach can be described,it cannot be practiced except for relatively simple problems and even then only in a somewhat modified from.It assumes intellectual capacities and sources of information that men simply do not possess,and it is even more absurd as an approach to policy when the time and money that can be allocated to a policy problem are limited,as is always the case.Of particular importance to public administrators is the fact that public agencies are in effect usually instructed not to practice the first method.That is the say, their prescribed functions and constraints the politically or legally possible restrict their attention to relatively few values and relatively few alternative policies among the countless alternatives that might be imagined.It is the second method that is practiced.