The hardware settings consist of
a desktop computer, a webcam, and an AR book with
several marker labels on the pages. By detecting an iconic
marker on the AR book through the webcam, a 3D virtual
geometry object is shown upon the AR book and mounted
on the computer screen. The learning task is required the
participants to identify surfaces and vertexes on both
orthographic and axonometric views of the 3D object and
further practice sketch exercises for evaluating their spatial
ability. With the affordances of AR, the participants are
allowed to freely tilt or rotate the AR book to manipulate
the 3D object when they need to inspect it from different
perspectives. This operation of AR empowers learners to
interact with the 3D geometry objects without wearing
headsets and immediately exercise on the paper book to
reflect spatial concepts.