Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of ACS, with most cases occurring from the disruption of a previously nonsevere lesion. Complaints reported by patients with ACS include the following:
Palpitations
Pain, which is usually described as pressure, squeezing, or a burning sensation across the precordium and may radiate to the neck, shoulder, jaw, back, upper abdomen, or either arm
Exertional dyspnea that resolves with pain or rest
Diaphoresis from sympathetic discharge
Nausea from vagal stimulation
Decreased exercise tolerance