nursing professors. The contents of group music therapy were in-
tegrated using three music elements of singing, playing, and
listening. Singing and musical instruments were selected by
considering the participant’s preference.
The therapy also includes
a combination of cognitive stimulation training, interaction, and
physical activity through music activities.
Based on previous studies (Gold et al., 2009) where more than
10 sessions are required to lead the significant effect, 13 sessions
were used for this study.
Each session started with a warm-up
(10 min), continued with a main activity (30 min), and a closing
(10 min).
The warm-up consisted of singing a greeting song using
each patient’s name and a group physical activity, such as “open
Dongdaemun (the East Gate),” a traditional Korean game, both of
which were used to promote interaction and relaxation.
The main
activity consisted of listening and playing in order to provide
cognitive stimulation training and to support physiological and
psychological relaxation and concentration through a group music
activity.
The closing consisted of wrapping up the performed ac-
tivities of the day as well as a communication and expression ac-
tivity.
The contents of the group music therapy program used for
this study were described by session in Table 1.