This study also showed that elements of self management
education were suitable and appropriate. Most of subjects in the study were elderly persons who had limited energy to take more activities because of limited lung function or other chronic diseases. Subjects provided that they were afraid when physical activities caused shortness of breath, so they sometimes avoided these activities. The researcher persuaded subjects to perform these activities in their daily lives using scientific medical theory. This intervention
made subjects more confident that they could indeed
live well with COPD.