where the MinC and MaxC values were set according to as 0.0001 (100% canopy cover) and 0.009 (20% canopy cover). With regard to the disturbed forests, several authors stated that the restoration of the vegetation on bare ground which had been affected by harvest operations or fires should be expressed as a time sequence .suggested that the C-factor should be expressed either as a function of time or category for each year after the disturbance. Hence , to adapt the C-factor to the characteristics of disturbed deciduous coppice forests, a modified version of the C-factor that verified through field work activities in Italy was used (Table 1).