1. Influence of volume on espresso coffee acrylamide content. Percentages on
each bar represent acrylamide extractability.
98%, for robusta, and from 62% to 99%, for arabica. Therefore, a
‘‘lungo” EC practically contains all the acrylamide initially present
in coffee cake (almost the double than a ‘‘ristretto”). Although the
final content of acrylamide increases with volume (Fig. 1), the brew
concentration (in ng/mL) simultaneously decreases, as expected,
due to a reduction in the coffee/water ratio: from 108.2 ± 1.5 to
50.1 ± 3.9 lg/L, for robusta ECs, and from 56.3 ± 1.3 to
24.2 ± 0.3 lg/L, for arabica