Methods: The design selected for this research is integrative review. Twenty-four articles were reviewed. The inclusion
criteria were: (a) studies published between 2000 and 2013, (b) studies published in the English language, (c) a smoking
cessation intervention program that targeted pregnant women, and (d) measurement of smoking status after a smoking
cessation intervention was implemented. A data extraction tool developed for the purpose of this study utilizing the
frameworks of Cooper (1984), and Stetler and colleagues (1998).