An entity recognizes revenue by applying the 5 steps process as indicated above. Under step 1, one of the criteria to be met is that the parties to the contract have approved the contract (in writing, orally or in accordance with other customary business practices) and are committed to perform their respective obligations (IFRS 15.9).
Although IFRS 15 also indicated that revenue can be still recognized to the extent of the consideration received even if the criteria indicated under paragraph 9 has not been met. These conditions are when: (1) no remaining obligation are to be performed or contract has been terminated; and (2) the consideration received is non-refundable (IFRS 15.15).