Since the beginning of containerization , the shipping industry has shown enviable developments in increased productivity, vessel capacity, speed ,safety , reduction in service time and cost. Despite these achieved efficiencies, marine container logistics has been suffering from severe trade imbalances between the major trading regions. And these imbalances cause one of the biggest hidden costs to the shipping industry– repositioning of empty containers! As per an article appeared in the
Shippingwatch
, every year Maersk Line moves around 4 million empty container from point A to point B which costs around USD 1 billio